19514

 

II*  

Designated  

20/03/1998  

20/03/1998  

Stockyard IV, Leighton Farm  

 

Powys  

Forden with Leighton and Trelystan  

Forden  

Leighton Farm  

324256  

305231  

 

Situated in the centre of Leighton Farm with Threshing Barn to N and Stable to S.  

Agriculture and Subsistence  

 

Built between 1847 and 1849 and probably designed by the Liverpool architect W.H. Gee for John Naylor's Leighton Farm, the model farm of the Leighton Estate. John Naylor had acquired the Leighton Estate in 1846-47 and embarked on an ambitious programme of building, principally Leighton Hall, church and Farm, which was largely completed by the mid 1850s. Naylor continued to extend and improve the Estate until his death in 1889. His grandson, Captain J.M. Naylor, sold the Estate in 1931, when Leighton Farm was bought by Montgomeryshire County Council. Leighton Farm was a model farm where rational farming methods were employed using techniques derived from science and industry. It was characteristic of its period but especially notable for its scale. Apart from the rationalisation of farm design, its principal aims were to provide better shelter for livestock and fodder, the recycling of manure as fertiliser, and mechanisation, principally in the form of turbines and hydraulic rams. The main farm complex is roughly square in plan and enclosed by perimeter roads (although important buildings were added beyond it). The farm was a piecemeal development but it is structured either side of a central E-W axis in which a threshing barn was built with hay and fodder storage buildings either side of it, all of which were linked by a broad gauge railway. On the N and S sides of this axis stockyards were built, served by 2 N-S service roads in addition to the perimeter roads. By 1849 4 small yards (Stockyard IV) had been built S of the Threshing Barn with a Stable fronting the road, these 3 elements forming the central block of buildings. On the E and W sides, fronting the road to the S, houses were built (on the W side with an office and further livestock sheds behind). After 1849 3 stockyards (Stockyards I, II, III) were built on the N side of the main axis. By 1855 there had been additions beyond the perimeter road, with the building of a Mill and Pig and Sheep houses (which enclose 2 further stockyards) on the N side and a further stock shed with yard on the W side. In the late 1850s a Sheep-Drying Shed and a further Fodder Storage Building in line with the main E-W axis had been added, followed by a Root Shed at the south-east corner of the complex in the 1860s. The buildings were carefully designed to achieve a strong visual impact when approached from the roads to the N or W. The landscape was carefully controlled so that Leighton Farm could not be seen from the main Buttington to Forden road to W, alongside which was a mixed woodland plantation. The main entrance to the farm was intended to be from the N side where there is an imposing gateway and lodge beside the church. The pig and sheep houses in particular create a grand facade when approached from the N, but Stockyards I and II, the Fodder Storage Buildings, Stable and Poolton at the south-west corner, are all designed to impress when viewed from the outside.  

Consisting of 4 small yards enclosed by a cruciform block of cow houses and the threshing barn and stable at N and S ends respectively. The cow houses consist of a long N-S range and a double-depth E-W range. The ends of the E-W range are flanked by short single-storey wings at right angles, probably originally intended for pigs. Of brick with coped gables and slate roof. The W gable ends of the E-W range have bullseye openings above windows with segmental heads, and a boarded stable door between. The wings to N and S have pitched roofs and doorways in the gable ends with boarded stable doors. The E gables of the E-W range have diagonal buttresses and round-headed arches within which are boarded doors with horizontal runners on the exterior wall. Between the gables is a boarded door beneath a concrete lintel, and above the valley between the roof pitches is an inserted vent ridge (mostly with weatherboarding) under a hipped slate roof. The short wings to N and S have hipped roofs and boarded sliding doors in the N and S walls respectively.  

 

The Leighton Estate is an exceptional example of high-Victorian estate development. It is remarkable for the scale and ambition of its conception and planning, the consistency of its design, the extent of its survival, and is the most complete example of its type in Wales. Leighton Farm is one of the principal foci of this development and is a Victorian model farm of national importance, representing the pioneering use of new technology, displaying a highly-structured layout and achieving an impressive architectural unity. Listed Grade II*, Stockyard IV is an integral component of Leighton Farm and has well-detailed ranges retaining their original character.